In the verses above Jesus is speaking to His disciples concerning His oncoming death, burial, and resurrection. He tells them that He will leave them very soon but that He will not leave them comfortless. It is important to note the immediate context is Christ speaking to His disciples (the twelve) (Matt 26:20), minus Judas as it seems he had already left (13:30). Now, let us take a look at whether or not these verses still apply to us today.
Concerning John 14:26 J. Carl Laney says that the Holy Spirit’s “…ministry would include teaching the disciples “all things” (cf. I John 2:27) and reminding them of “everthing” Jesus had taught them. The Spirit’s ministry is not limited to the apostles but was especially for their benefit as writers of the Scripture. After receiving the Spirit they would better recall and understand the teachings of Jesus.” [Laney, J. Carl. Moody Gospel John Commentary. Chicago: Moody, 1992. 264-265. Print.]
The disciples had a very important job, that of remembering, explaining, and even recording the Words of Christ. This was an impossible task… IF there was no one that could guide them into all truth. That guide was the Holy Spirit. Now, there is yet an impossible task for people today, understanding the Word of God. The good news is that the same Spirit, the Spirit of Truth, that guided the disciples is within us to illuminate/clarify the scriptures to us today!
Notice the verse pointed out by Laney. I John 2:27 says, “But the anointing which ye have received of him abideth in you, and ye need not that any man teach you: but as the same anointing teacheth you of all things, and is truth, and is no lie, and even as it hath taught you, ye shall abide in him.” It is that same anointing that teaches, guides and helps us to remember yet today.
The comparison that Laney makes with I John 2:27 (above) is an important one for in this book we find the apostle John addressing the believers in the churches in Asia that were under his oversight. [The New Open Bible. Study Edition. Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1990. 1433. Print.] That being the case it would be in agreement with scripture to say that the verses in John as noted above are applicable to the church today just not for the exact same purposes. The disciples needed the Holy Spirit in order to remember the Words of Christ, for writing them, preaching them, and understanding them. Today we need them for the latter reasons but not for writing them out. The Scriptures are complete. God has given us His complete word but we do still need the Holy Spirit to illuminate the Scriptures for our understanding and remembrance.
Laney goes on to say that in John 16:12-15 “…Jesus elaborates on the teaching ministry of the Holy Spirit. He begins by informing the disciples, “I have much more to say to you, more than you can now bear.” “Anticipating the spirit’s work at Pentecost (Acts2), Jesus announces that the “Spirit of Truth” (cf. John 14:17) will “guide you into all truth.” Laney says that “the Holy Spirit guided the apostles in what to write as divine revelation,” and going further Laney makes an important statement concerning our discussion. He says “By way of application, the Spirit continues to make clear (illuminate) the meaning of the inspired record.” [Laney 290-291]
It should be pointed out that in verse 18 of John chapter 14 Jesus promises not to leave them (immediate context is the disciples) as orphans/parentless/fatherless. Paul told the Galatians that they (believers) were all children of God by faith in Christ (Gal. 3:26). So it makes sense that if God wouldn’t leave the disciples as orphans without a guide then He wouldn’t leave the rest of His children as orphans either. We have a guide, the Paraclete, that is with us to guide us in our understanding of Scripture.
In the Preacher’s Commentary Series it is pointed out that “Jesus repeatedly emphasizes that the Paraclete is the “Spirit of truth” (v. 17). He will enlighten and open up the words and works of Jesus. There are many things Jesus has said and taught during His earthly ministry which the disciples have not grasped. All this will be made plain to them when this “Teacher” comes. He will also bring to mind things Jesus has said which would otherwise be forgotten (v. 26).” [Fredrikson, R. L., & Ogilvie, L. J. (1985). Vol. 27: The Preacher's Commentary Series, Volume 27 : John. Formerly The Communicator's Commentary. The Preacher's Commentary series (224). Nashville, Tennessee: Thomas Nelson Inc.]
This commentary goes on to say, “But the Paraclete is always under the authority of Jesus, clarifying, making clear His teaching and ministry. He comes in Jesus’ name to unfold Jesus’ meaning for all men. This is crucial, for there are always those who insist the Spirit is taking us beyond Jesus to “newer and deeper truth.”” [The Preacher’s Commentary 224] This is an important statement in understanding the difference in what the Holy Spirit did for the disciples and what He does for the children of God today. Jesus has made Himself known. He brought to remembrance the things He wanted remembered and they are in the Word of God today. Therefore, there is no need for further revelation or new truth. We have the truth, now we simply need the Holy Spirit to help us understand it.
In light of John 14:26 the Interpreter’s Bible commentary says that “the Holy Spirit does bring to our remembrance (still today) much that we had let slip.” It goes on to say that “no man can take this wonderful gospel into his hands and say, “I have looked over it, and under it, and measured it with accuracy – it’s length and breadth and depth – and this is all there is to say about it.” [Gossip, Arthur John. "The Interpreter Bible ." Commentary on Luke and John. 8. Nashville: Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, 1952. Print.]No, every time we obediently and prayerfully read and meditate upon the Word and exegete correctly making use of the extra-Biblical resources God has provided the Holy Spirit uses this to illuminate His Word and teach us the Truth. It is inexhaustible, for life is too short and our minds to finite to completely comprehend God and His Word. It is also completely un-exhaustible without the illumination of the Holy Spirit.
The reverend Jerome D. Davis in his writings has some interesting comments concerning these verses. He ties them in with Pentecost and says, “The great prophecy of Joel and the great promise of Christ began to be fulfilled on the day of Pentecost, and there has been a continued fulfilment of them for nineteen hundred years. As Peter said, on the day of Pentecost: “The promise is unto you and to your children, and to all that are afar off, even as many as the Lord our God shall call.” The Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments which have come down to us were Spirit-breathed. This same Holy Spirit has been in the church through the Christian centuries, in general, teaching and guiding the church into all truth. He is dwelling with each true believer to-day as his teacher and guide.” [BSac 66:262 (April 1909) p. 245-246]
This is a great point made by Davis in reminding us that the Scriptures are Spirit-breathed and in order for us to understand a Spirit-breathed book we need the Spirit to illuminate/clarify them. He has been guiding the church into truth through the centuries and will continue to do so as Christ promised He would be with us until the end of the world (Matt. 28:20).
Speaking of John 15:26 Millard Erikson says, “Here we have the idea of illumination by the Holy Spirit,…This ministry of the Holy Spirit was not merely for that first generation of disciples, but also includes helping believers today to understand Scripture. Illumining us is a role that falls to the Spirit, for Jesus is now permanently at work carrying out other functions mentioned in this same passage (e.g., he is preparing a place for believers [14:2–3]). [Erickson, M. J. (1998). Christian theology (2nd ed.) (890). Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House.]
In conclusion, I would say that emphatically, yes, there is application from these verses for us today. We are promised the Holy Spirit. He is the earnest of our inheritance (Eph 1:14) and is such not only for our security, but also for the very important purpose of guiding us into truth. Millard Erikson says, “…illumination by the Holy Spirit helps the Scripture reader or hearer understand the Bible and creates the conviction that it is true and is the Word of God. This, however, should not be regarded as a substitute for the use of hermeneutical methods. These methods play a complementary, not a competitive role.” [Erikson 283]
So here in this study we see that yes, the Holy Spirit is with us today in a teaching manner. He is in the business of clarifying the truth (what already is stated about God in the Bible). He does not give us new truth or extra-Biblical truth. He simply helps to clarify and bring to remembrance to the child of God what is written in the Bible.